Ukuqonda Nokuphatha Izingozi Zokushisisa Amalahle

Lesi sihloko sinikeza umbono ophelele we amalahle ashisayo, ihlola izakhiwo zayo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, nobungozi obuhlobene bemvelo nokuphepha. Singena ezinqubweni ezihilelekile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo, sihlola izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokunciphisa imithelela engemihle kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele. Funda ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ze amalahle ashisayo, izici zabo, kanye nendlela yokukhetha uhlobo olulungile lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Siphinde sixoxe ngokuhambisana nemithetho kanye nentuthuko yakamuva ekunciphiseni umkhondo wemvelo amalahle ashisayo ukusetshenziswa.

Kuyini I-Steam Coal?

Amalahle ashisayo, owaziwa nangokuthi amalahle ashisayo, uwuhlobo lwamalahle olusetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukukhiqiza ugesi ezitshalweni zamandla ashisayo. Ibonakala ngokuqukethwe kwayo kwamandla aphezulu kanye nesibabule esiphansi, okuyenza ifanelekele ukushiswa kuma-boilers. Le nqubo ihilela ukushisa amalahle ukuze kukhiqizwe ukushisa, okube sekuphehla isitimu ukushayela izinjini zomoya futhi kukhiqize ugesi. Ukukhetha okufanele amalahle ashisayo kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwemishini yamandla kanye nokuncipha kwekhabhoni.

Izinhlobo Zamalahle Afuthayo

Izinhlobo eziningana zamalahle zihlukaniswa ngokuthi amalahle ashisayo, ngayinye inezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene. Lo mehluko unomthelela ekufanelekeni kwawo ezitshalweni ezihlukene zamandla kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Izici ezibalulekile zifaka izinga (isb., i-bituminous, i-sub-bituminous, i-lignite), okuqukethwe okuguquguqukayo, okuqukethwe komlotha, nokuqukethwe kwesibabule.

Amalahle eBituminous

Amalahle e-Bituminous uhlobo oluvamile lwe amalahle ashisayo, ebonakala ngokuminyana kwayo okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophansi uma kuqhathaniswa. Ivutha kalula nangempumelelo, okwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile ekuphehlisweni kwamandla amakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ingaba nesibabule esiphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, okudinga izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokulawula ukungcola.

I-Sub-bituminous Coal

Amalahle angaphansi kwe-bituminous anokuqukethwe kwamandla aphansi kunamalahle e-bituminous kodwa avame ukuba nesibabule esiphansi. Lokhu kuyenza ibe enye indlela efanelekile ezifundeni ezinemithetho eqinile yokukhipha umoya. Inani layo eliphansi lekhalori lingase lidinge ukulungiswa kumiklamo yokubhayela nemingcele yokusebenza.

Amalahle e-Lignite

Amalahle e-Lignite, aziwa nangokuthi amalahle ansundu, anokuqukethwe kwamandla aphansi kakhulu phakathi kwamalahle amalahle ashisayo izinhlobo. Umswakama wayo omningi udinga izinguquko ekuphatheni nasekushiseni. Nakuba kuvame ukubiza kancane, ukusebenza kahle kwayo okuphansi kanye nekhabhoni ephakeme kunengxenye emthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo.

Imithelela Yendawo Ezungezile Nokucatshangelwa Kokuphepha

Ukushiswa kwe amalahle ashisayo ikhipha amagesi abamba ukushisa, okuhlanganisa i-carbon dioxide (CO2), enomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Okunye ukungcola okukhishiwe kuhlanganisa i-sulphur oxides (SOx), i-nitrogen oxides (NOx), i-particulate matter (PM), ne-mercury. Lokhu kukhishwa kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kukhwalithi yomoya kanye nempilo yabantu. Ukuphatha nokugcinwa ngendlela efanele amalahle ashisayo zibalulekile futhi ekuvimbeleni izingozi ezinjengokuqhuma kothuli nemililo.

Ukunciphisa Imithelela Yemvelo

Kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe nezinqubo ezehlukene ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo amalahle ashisayo ukusetshenziswa. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• I-flue gas desulfurization (FGD) ukususa i-SOx
• I-Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) ukunciphisa i-NOx
• Amadivayisi okulawula izinto ezithile (isb., ama-electrostatic precipitators, izihlungi zendwangu)
• Ubuchwepheshe be-Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
• Amasu omlilo athuthukisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle

Ukuthobela Umthetho kanye Nemikhuba Engcono Kakhulu

Imithethonqubo eqinile ilawula ukusetshenziswa nokuphathwa kwe amalahle ashisayo ukuvikela imvelo kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Abaqhubi bezikhungo zikagesi kumele bahambisane nale mithethonqubo, ngokuvamile ehlanganisa ukuqapha ukungcola, ukubika, nezimfuneko zezimvume. Ukubambelela ezimisweni zokuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela izingozi nokuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yabasebenzi kanye nomphakathi oseduze.

Ukukhetha Amalahle Ashisayo Alungile

Ukukhetha okufanele amalahle ashisayo indawo yokuphehla amandla ibandakanya ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwezinto ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa:

Ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwalezi zici kuqinisekisa ukuphehlwa kwamandla afanele futhi kunciphisa umthelela wendawo. Xhumana nochwepheshe bemboni kanye nama-ejensi alawulayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthotshelwa kanye nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezixazululo zamandla esimeme, cabanga ukuhlola eminye imithombo yamandla. I-Inner Mongolia Xinxin Silicon Industry Co.,Ltd uzibophezele ekuhlinzekeni izixazululo ezintsha zekusasa lamandla ahlanzekile.

¹ Idatha ngezakhiwo zamalahle ingatholakala ezinhlolovo ezihlukahlukene ze-geological kanye nokushicilelwe kwemboni. Sicela ubheke imithombo efanelekile ngezidingo ezithile zedatha.