Ukuqonda Izimayini Zamalahle Zokuphekela: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele

Lesi sihloko sinikeza umbono ophelele we ukupheka izimayini zamalahle, ukuhlola ukusebenza kwazo, umthelela wemvelo, nokubaluleka kwezomnotho. Sizocubungula inqubo yezimayini, imithetho yokuphepha, kanye nekusasa lale mboni ebalulekile. Funda ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ze ukupheka izimayini zamalahle, ukusatshalaliswa kwazo ngokwezindawo, nezinselele ababhekana nazo.

Iyini i-Coking Coal Mines?

Ukupheka izimayini zamalahle banesibopho sokukhipha amalahle okuphekela, uhlobo oluthile lwamalahle anento encane eguquguqukayo kanye nokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephezulu. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zamalahle afanele ukuphehlwa kukagesi, ukupheka amalahle kubalulekile enqubweni yokwenza insimbi. Isetshenziswa ezithandweni eziqhumayo ukwenza i-coke, isibaseli esiza ukwehlisa insimbi ibe iron. Izakhiwo zamalahle okubhaka, okungukuthi amandla awo okumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu ngaphandle kokuwohloka, zibalulekile kule nqubo. Indawo yalezi zimayini iyehluka kakhulu, kuye ngokwakheka komhlaba. Okukhulu ukupheka izimayini zamalahle zitholakala emazweni afana ne-Australia, i-China, i-United States, ne-Russia, phakathi kwamanye.

Inqubo yokumba amalahle eCoking

Ukuhlola Nokuthuthukiswa

Inqubo iqala ngezinhlolovo ze-geological ukuze kutholakale amandla ukupheka amalahle amadiphozithi. Uma idiphozithi isitholakele, kwenziwa ukuhlelwa okubanzi kanye nokuhlolwa komthelela kwezemvelo. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa ukuthola izimvume nokuthuthukisa uhlelo oluphelele lwezimayini, kucatshangelwa izici ezifana nokuphepha, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, nokuphathwa kwezinsiza. Ubuchwepheshe obuyindida, okufaka phakathi izinhlolovo zokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nokumba, kusetshenziswa ukukhomba ngokunembile imithungo yamalahle.

Izindlela Zokukhipha

Izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zisetshenziselwa ukupheka amalahle ukukhishwa: izimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba kanye nezimayini ezingaphezulu (izimayini ezivulekile). Ukumba izimayini ngaphansi komhlaba kuhilela ukwakha imigudu nemigodi ukuze kufinyelelwe emithungweni yamalahle ejulile ngaphansi komhlaba. Le ndlela ivame ukukhethwa lapho i-seams yamalahle itholakala ekujuleni okuphawulekayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukumba izimayini ezingaphezulu kuhilela ukususa izingqimba zomhlaba ezingaphezulu ukuze kuvezwe umthungo wamalahle, okuwenza afaneleke kakhulu amadiphozithi angashoni. Zombili izindlela zinikeza izinselele eziyingqayizivele kanye nokucatshangelwa kwemvelo.

Ukucubungula kanye Nezokuthutha

Uma isikhishiwe, okuluhlaza ukupheka amalahle iyacutshungulwa ukuze isuse ukungcola futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yayo yokwenza insimbi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukugeza, ukuchotshozwa, kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola. Amalahle acutshunguliwe abe esethuthelwa ezigayweni zensimbi, ngokuvamile ngesitimela noma ngomkhumbi, kuye ngendawo yemayini kanye nesizinda sensimbi. Ukuthutha okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe izindleko zokukhiqiza insimbi. Ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha idlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle jikelele kwe ukupheka amalahle uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka.

Umthelela Wezemvelo Wezimayini Zokuphekela Amalahle

Ukupheka amalahle izimayini ziletha izinselelo ezinkulu zemvelo. Izimayini ezingaphezulu, ikakhulukazi, zingaholela ekucekeleni phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala, ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, kanye nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Izimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba zibeka engcupheni yokuwa kwezimayini kanye nokuphuma kwegesi ye-methane. Imboni izimisele ngokufuna izindlela zokunciphisa le mithelela ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezisimeme zokumba izimayini, okuhlanganisa imizamo yokubuyisela kabusha kanye nokuvuselela. Imithethonqubo eqinile kanye nokuqapha kwemvelo kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe umkhondo wemvelo we ukupheka izimayini zamalahle. Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ibalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwemvelo kulo mkhakha.

Ukuphepha Emayini Yamalahle Okuphekela

Ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu ukupheka amalahle imboni yezimayini. Imithetho eqinile yokuphepha kanye nezinqubo ziyasebenza ukuze kuvikelwe abasebenzi ezingozini ezinjengokuqhuma, ukuwa kwezimayini, kanye nokuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi. Ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo, ukuhlolwa okuvamile, nobuchwepheshe bokuphepha obuthuthukisiwe kubalulekile ekunciphiseni izingozi emsebenzini. Imboni ihlale ilwela ukwenza ngcono amazinga okuphepha kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala kwabavukuzi.

Ikusasa Lokupheka Izimayini Zamalahle

Ikusasa le ukupheka amalahle ukukhiqizwa kuhlanganiswe nesidingo somhlaba wonke sensimbi kanye nokuguqukela emithonjeni yamandla esimeme kakhudlwana. Nakuba insimbi isalokhu iyimpahla ebalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda, imboni ibhekene nengcindezi yokunciphisa izinga layo lekhabhoni. Lokhu kudinga ucwaningo oluqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa ezindleleni zokukhiqiza ezihlanzekile kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuthembela ukupheka amalahle ekukhiqizeni insimbi. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokubanjwa kanye nokugcinwa kwekhabhoni nakho kungadlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni ikusasa lale mboni.

Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezimayini Zamalahle Ezihlukene Zokupheka (Isibonelo Sedatha - Sidinga Ukushintshwa Kwedatha Yangempela)

Qaphela: Idatha ethulwa kuthebula elingenhla eyezinjongo zemifanekiso kuphela futhi kufanele indawo yayo ifakwe idatha yangempela evela emithonjeni ethembekile.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngezinto ezisimeme nezisombululo zezimboni, cabanga ukuhlola izinsiza ezitholakala ku- I-Inner Mongolia Xinxin Silicon Industry Co.,Ltd. Banikeza izixazululo ezintsha zezimboni ezihlukahlukene.