Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokukhiqiza Amalahle Nensimbi

Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukubuka kabanzi ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle nensimbi, ukuhlola yonke inqubo kusukela ekukhishweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuya emikhiqizweni eqediwe. Sizophenya ngomthelela wendawo, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokubaluleka kwezomnotho kwalezi zimboni ezibalulekile. Funda mayelana nabadlali ababalulekile, izitayela zesikhathi esizayo, nezinselelo ezibhekene nomkhakha.

Ukukhiqizwa Kwamalahle: Ukusuka Kwamayini Kuya Emakethe

Izindlela Zokukhipha Amalahle

Ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle nensimbi iqala ngokukhipha amalahle. Ziningi izindlela ezisetshenziswayo, ezihlanganisa ukumbiwa kwemigodi ngaphansi komhlaba (strip mining) kanye nezimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba. Ukumbiwa kwezimayini kungabizi kakhulu kumadiphozithi angashoni, kuyilapho ukumba ngaphansi komhlaba kudingekile ukuze kube nokujula. Indlela ngayinye inemiphumela yayo yemvelo, okuxoxwa ngayo ngokuningiliziwe kamuva. Ukukhethwa kwendlela kuncike ezintweni ezifana nokujula komthungo wamalahle, izimo zejoloji, nemithethonqubo yemvelo.

Ukucutshungulwa Kwamalahle Nokuthutha

Uma selikhishiwe, amalahle ayacutshungulwa ukuze akhiphe ukungcola futhi alungele ukuthuthwa. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuwashwa, ukuchotshozwa, nokuhlolwa. Izindlela zokuhamba zihlanganisa ujantshi, izikebhe, namaloli, ngokuzikhethela kuye ngebanga, indawo, kanye nezindleko. Izinto zokuhamba eziphumelelayo nezithembekile zibalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle nensimbi iketango.

Ukukhiqizwa Kwensimbi: Uhambo olusuka ku-Iron Ore ukuya Ensimbi

Ukukhishwa Kwensimbi Yensimbi Nokucubungula

Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kuqala ngokukhipha insimbi, ngokuvamile ngokumbiwa kwemigodi evulekile. I-ore ekhishwayo ibe isibhekana nochungechunge lwezinqubo, okuhlanganisa ukuchotshozwa, ukugaywa, kanye nokuzuza ukuze kwandiswe insimbi futhi kukhishwe ukungcola. Izinga lensimbi lithinta kakhulu izinga kanye nezindleko zomkhiqizo wokugcina wensimbi. Intuthuko eminingi kule ndawo igxile ekwandiseni ukusebenza kahle kanye nokunciphisa ukumosha.

Ukwenza i-ayina: Inqubo yesithando somlilo esiqhumayo

Indlela eyinhloko yokwenza insimbi yinqubo yesithando somlilo. Lokhu kuhilela ukushaja insimbi yensimbi, i-coke (ephuma emalahleni), kanye ne-limestone esithandweni somlilo esikhulu, lapho kuphephethwa khona umoya oshisayo ukuze kube lula ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Umphumela uba insimbi yengulube encibilikisiwe, umkhiqizo obalulekile ophakathi nendawo ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle nensimbi. Iziqhumiso zesimanjemanje zisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi zithuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, ezihlanganisa ezishintshayo kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukwenza insimbi: Ukuguqula Insimbi Yengulube ibe Insimbi

I-pig iron ibe isicwengwa ezinqubweni zokwenza insimbi njengesithando somlilo esiyisisekelo (BOF) noma i-electric arc furnace (EAF). Lezi zinqubo zisusa ukungcola futhi zilungise ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ensimbi ukuze kuzuzwe izakhiwo ezidingekayo. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-BOF ne-EAF kuncike ezicini ezifana nesilinganiso sokusebenza kanye nokuba khona kwensimbi engasasebenzi.

Ukubunjwa Kwensimbi Nokuqeda

Insimbi encibilikisiwe ibe isibunjwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, njengama-slabs, ama-blooms, nama-billet, aphinde acutshungulwe abe yimikhiqizo yensimbi ephelile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugoqa, ukufoja, namanye amasu ukuze kuzuzwe ubukhulu obudingekayo kanye nezakhiwo. Imikhiqizo yokugcina isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela kwezokwakha kanye nezimoto kuya ezintweni zikagesi nezinto zikagesi.

Umthelela Wezemvelo Wokukhiqiza Amalahle Nensimbi

Ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle nensimbi zibe nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, ukungcoliswa komoya namanzi, kanye nokucekelwa phansi komhlaba. Ukunciphisa le mithelela kubalulekile. Imboni iya ngokuya yamukela ubuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile kanye nezinqubo ezizinzile ukuze kuncishiswe indawo yayo yemvelo. Isibonelo, ukuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe bokubanjwa nokugcinwa kwekhabhoni (CCS) kuyadlondlobala.

Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe kanye Nezitayela Zesikhathi esizayo

I ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle nensimbi imboni ihlezi ishintsha, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yezobuchwepheshe okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, ukunciphisa izindleko, kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wendawo. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ezintsha zokwenza insimbi, i-automation kanye namarobhothi ezimayini nasekukhiqizeni, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kokuhlaziywa kwedatha kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa.

Ithebula: Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezinqubo Zokukhiqiza Amalahle Nensimbi

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngezinto ezisimeme nezisombululo ezintsha, hlola I-Inner Mongolia Xinxin Silicon Industry Co.,Ltd. Bangumholi ekuhlinzekeni ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-silicon ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.

Imithombo: (Sicela ufake imithombo efanele lapha, isb., imibiko yemboni, izibalo zikahulumeni, amawebhusayithi ezinkampani, amaphepha emfundo. Khumbula ukusho ngokufanelekile.)