Sobanukirwa n'amakara yo guteka: Ubuyobozi bwuzuye

Aka gatabo gatanga incamake yuzuye ya amakara, gucukumbura imiterere yacyo, ikoreshwa, imbaraga zisoko, nibidukikije. Twinjiye muburyo butandukanye bwa amakara, ibikorwa byayo, n'uruhare rukomeye mu nganda zitandukanye. Wige ibyisi amakara isoko, harimo abakinyi bakomeye nibizaza. Aya makuru ni ngombwa kubantu bose bagize uruhare mu nganda zibyuma cyangwa bashishikajwe no gusobanukirwa naya masoko yingenzi.

Amakara yo guteka ni iki?

Amakara, bizwi kandi nk'amakara ya metallurgical, ni ubwoko bw'amakara afite ibintu bike bihindagurika kandi birimo karubone nyinshi. Bitandukanye nubundi bwoko bwamakara akoreshwa mumashanyarazi, amakara'Ibintu byihariye bituma biba byiza gukoreshwa mu itanura riturika kugirango ubyare ibyuma nicyuma. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru butavunitse ningirakamaro mubikorwa bya kokiya, bikubiyemo gushyushya amakara kugirango yirukane ibice bihindagurika no gukora kokiya ikomeye.

Ubwoko bw'amakara

Amakara yashyizwe mu byiciro ishingiye ku bintu byinshi, harimo urwego rwayo (urwego rwa metamorphism), ibintu bihindagurika, hamwe na kokiya. Mubisanzwe, bihindagurika cyane amakara, Hagati-ihindagurika amakara, na bike-bihindagurika amakara baratandukanye, buriwese hamwe nibiranga umwihariko hamwe nibisabwa mugukora ibyuma. Uruvange rwubwoko butandukanye bwa amakara ni byiza cyane kugirango ugere kubwiza bwa kokiya yifuzwa kubikorwa byihariye byo gukora ibyuma.

Inzira yo Kunywa

Inzira ya kokiya nintambwe ikomeye mubikorwa byo gukora ibyuma. Harimo gushyushya amakara habuze umwuka (pyrolysis) mu ziko rya kokiya ku bushyuhe bwinshi (hafi 900-1000 ° C) mu masaha menshi. Ubu buryo buhindura amakara muri kokiya, ibintu bya karubone bifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi bigakorwa neza, bikaba ari ngombwa mu kugabanya ubutare bw’icyuma mu itanura riturika. Ibicuruzwa byokunywa kokiya, nka gaze ya feri ya kokiya hamwe nigitereko cyamakara, nabyo ni umutungo wingenzi mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda.

Isoko ryamakara yisi yose

Isi yose amakara isoko ryibasiwe cyane nimpamvu nkurwego rwo gukora ibyuma, kuzamuka kwubukungu bwisi yose, namabwiriza y’ibidukikije. Abakora ibicuruzwa n'abaguzi ba amakara ni geografiya yibanze, biganisha kumurongo utanga isoko. Igiciro cya amakara ihindagurika kandi akenshi yerekana uburinganire hagati yo gutanga nibisabwa ku isoko ryisi. Gusobanukirwa ningaruka zisoko ningirakamaro kubucuruzi bugira uruhare muri amakara inganda.

Ibidukikije

Gukuramo no gukoresha amakara bifite ingaruka zikomeye kubidukikije. Ibikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro birashobora gutuma iyangirika ry’ubutaka, umwanda w’amazi, hamwe n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Uburyo bwa kokiya ubwabwo nabwo butanga ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, harimo umwanda nka okiside ya sulfure nibintu byangiza. Inganda zibyuma ziragenda zibanda kugabanya ingaruka zibidukikije amakara imikoreshereze binyuze mu guhanga udushya hamwe nibikorwa birambye.

Ibizaza mu nganda zamakara

Kazoza ka amakara inganda zakozwe nibintu byinshi, harimo iterambere ryikoranabuhanga, amabwiriza y’ibidukikije, hamwe n’icyifuzo gikenewe ku byuma. Ubushakashatsi burakomeje mugutezimbere uburyo bwiza kandi bunoze bwa amakara umusaruro no kuyikoresha. Gukoresha ubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga, nko gukoresha biyomasi cyangwa ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa mu gukora ibyuma, nabyo bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubisabwa ejo hazaza. amakara.

Abakinnyi b'ingenzi mu nganda zamakara

Ibigo byinshi binini by’amahanga bigira uruhare runini kwisi amakara isoko. Izi sosiyete zigira uruhare mu bice bitandukanye byinganda, kuva mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no gutunganya kugeza mu bucuruzi no kugabura. Gusobanukirwa nabakinnyi bakomeye ningamba zabo zamasoko bitanga ubushishozi mubikorwa byinganda nigihe kizaza. Kurugero, Imbere muri Mongoliya Xinxin Silicon Industry Co., Ltd (https://www.xinxinsilicon.com/) numukinnyi ukomeye mubikorwa bya silicon, agaragaza guhuza ibikoresho bitandukanye murwego rwagutse rwinganda.