Kalisiyumu silicon mugukora ibyuma byatsi? 

Urumva gukora icyatsi kibisi ugahita utekereza hydrogene, itanura ryamashanyarazi arc, scrap recycling. Nibyo? Nibintu binini byamashusho. Ariko hepfo muri salle, muguhindura chimie yanyuma yashonze, hariho ifarashi y'akazi ituje, akenshi itumva nabi: calcium silicon. Ntabwo ari byiza. Ni deoxidizer, desulfurizer. Ariko uruhare rwayo mu cyatsi kibisi ni byinshi bijyanye no gukora neza nubuziranenge mubikorwa bishya, bitarimo ingufu za karubone kuruta kuba umutwe wonyine. Imyumvire itari yo irayifata nkikindi kintu cyongeweho. Mubyukuri, imikorere yacyo itegeka uburyo ibyuma byawe bisukuye, uko caster yawe ikora neza, kandi amaherezo, umusaruro ukura mubyuma bihenze, bya karuboni nkeya cyangwa ibyuma bisakara. Byumve nabi, kandi ibyifuzo byawe byicyatsi bifunze hamwe no guhagarika nozzle hamwe na off-spec inclusion.

Uburyo bwibanze: Birenze Deoxidation

Buriwese azi ko CaSi ari ya deoxidation. Urajugunya, ifata ogisijeni na sulfure, ikora slag ireremba. Igitabo. Ariko nuance-igice wiga gusa mugihe urimo ureba raporo yisesengura rishyizwemo-ni ubwoko bwubwishingizi butera. Kuvura calcium nziza birashobora kuba ingorabahizi; birahindagurika, umusaruro wacyo ntaho uhuriye. Kalisiyumu, hamwe na silicon ikora nkitwara no guhindura reaction, iguha kurekurwa neza. Intego ntabwo ari ugukuraho O na S gusa, ni uguhindura imirongo yose isigaye ya alumina (Al2O3) muri calcium ya aluminium. Ihuriro ryisi yose iroroshye, ntikuraho abinjira mumazi winjiye, ntabwo itera gucikamo imbaraga zikomeye cyane. Aho niho icyatsi kibisi gitangirira: gutondeka neza bisobanura gucika make, gusiba gake, ingufu nke zapfushije ubusa gushonga-gukata.

Ndibuka ikigeragezo ku ruganda rwimuka ku gipimo kinini cyo muri EAF - icyatsi kibisi. Ibisigazwa byinshi bisobanura ibintu byinshi bya tramp, ibisigisigi byinshi bihinduka. Imyitozo yabo isanzwe hamwe na deoxidizer yibanze yatumye habaho gufunga bikabije kuri tundish. Twahinduye ku cyiciro cyihariye cya CaSi hamwe na Ca / Si igereranije cyane hamwe nubunini bugenzurwa (tekereza 10-30mm, ntabwo ari ifu). Ingaruka ako kanya ntabwo yari ibyuma bisukuye gusa na spec, ni umuyobozi mukuru avuga ko bayoboye urukurikirane rw'ubushyuhe butatu nta mpinduka ya nozzle. Ibyo biragaragara. Ibyo ni bike cyane, imyanda idakabije, toni nyinshi kumashanyarazi. Igiciro cya alloy cyari kinini, ariko kuzigama kubikorwa byayivuye mumazi.

Uburyo bwo kunanirwa hano buvuga ko CaSi yose ari imwe. Utanga isoko nka Imbere muri Mongoliya Xinxin Silicon Inganda Co, Ltd. (urashobora kugenzura ibicuruzwa byabo kuri https://www.xinxinsilicon.com) izerekana urutonde nka Ca28-Si60 cyangwa Ca30-Si58. Itandukaniro rito ku ijana mubirimo calcium, urwego rwa aluminium, barium, cyangwa isi idasanzwe bashobora kuvanga - bifite akamaro kanini. Gukoresha igipimo cya calcium nkeya kumurimo wimbitse wa desulfurizasi ni uguta amafaranga nigihe. Urangiza wongeyeho byinshi, byongera ipikipiki ya silicon, birashoboka ko uta chimie yawe yanyuma. Nigikorwa cyo kuringaniza cyigishijwe nabi.

Inzitizi zifatika mubisabwa

Wahisemo rero icyiciro gikwiye. None, nigute ushobora kubishira mumashanyarazi? Gutera insinga nigipimo cya zahabu kumusaruro no kubyara. Urashobora kubipima neza muburyo bwimbitse. Ariko ibiryo byinsinga nigishoro, kandi insinga ya cored ubwayo nigiciro cyinyongera. Amaduka mato mato, cyane cyane mumasoko agaragara, aracyifashisha imifuka-guta imifuka ifunze mumurongo mugihe cyo gukanda. Ikibazo? Urabona ibintu bitangaje, byangiza imyuka ya calcium, gutatanya kudahuye, n'umusaruro ushobora kuva kuri 15% ukagera kuri 40%. Nabonye ubushyuhe aho calcium nyinshi yatwitse gusa muri sisitemu yo gukuramo umwotsi. Ntabwo ari icyatsi, ntabwo ari ubukungu.

Igihe nikindi kintu cyo kumva. Ongeraho hakiri kare, mugihe ibikorwa bya ogisijeni bikiri hejuru, kandi calcium ikaribwa mumashanyarazi akomeye. Ongeraho bitinze, mugihe ubushyuhe bugenda bugabanuka, kandi ibiyirimo ntibifite umwanya wo kureremba. Ahantu heza harigihe mugihe cya argon yoroheje, nyuma ya deoxidation yambere yaguye ogisijeni nyinshi ariko mbere yuko ibyuma bijya kuri caster. Urimo gukaraba cyane. Kubona ibi bibi bivuze ko ayo mazi wakoze kugirango ukore ntatandukane; bagwa mu mutego wo gukomera, bahinduka inenge.

Noneho hariho ibikoresho bibisi bihoraho. Icyiciro cya CaSi gifite ubuhehere bwinshi cyangwa ubunini butagaragara burashobora kuba impanuka. Ubushuhe buganisha kuri hydrogène pickup, porosity. Ingano ya off-spec (ihazabu nyinshi cyane) itera guseswa byihuse hamwe nigisubizo kitagenzuwe. Twigeze koherezwa aho imifuka yari ikennye, kandi amavuta yari afite okiside igice mugihe cyo gutambuka. Umusaruro wagabanutse, kandi sulfure ihinduka mubushyuhe bwakurikiyeho byari bibi. Irashimangira impamvu gufatanya na producer hamwe na sisitemu ihamye. Xinxin Silicon avuga sisitemu yo gucunga neza hamwe na sisitemu yo kwemeza ubuziranenge hamwe nibikoresho byuzuye byo gupima neza ntabwo ari fluff marketing gusa-nibyo birinda iyi mitwe yumurima. Ibicuruzwa byabo kuri calcium silicon, insinga zifite amabara, hamwe na nodulizers zerekana ko basobanukiwe nuburyo bwo hasi, ntabwo gushonga gusa.

Icyatsi kibisi hamwe nubushobozi bwibikoresho

Gukora ibyuma byicyatsi byukuri nibitekerezo bizenguruka. Nigute CaSi ihuye? Ubwa mbere, mugushoboza gukoresha amafaranga yikirenga. Igice ni isoko yicyatsi kibisi, ariko kiranduye. Uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura calcium nigikoresho cyo gukora isuku ituma ibyo bisigazwa biboneka kubicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Icya kabiri, mubikorwa nka hydrogène ishingiye ku kugabanya mu buryo butaziguye (DRI / HBI gushonga), isoko y'icyuma ni nziza cyane ariko iri muri silicon. Silicon muri CaSi irashobora guhinduka ikintu cyingirakamaro kivanga hano, ntabwo itwara gusa, ifasha gukubita intego ya silicon idasanzwe nta FeSi yongeyeho. Ninyoni ebyiri-imwe-ibuye.

Hariho kandi uruhande rwa slag. Imyitozo myiza ya CaSi igabanya ibikenerwa byongewemo lime birenze urugero. Ingano ya slagike isobanura imbaraga nke zo kuyishyushya, gukoresha flux nkeya, gufata amashanyarazi make. Nibikoresho bito muburinganire bwibihingwa byose, ariko utwo duto duto twiyongera. Ndibuka umushinga ugamije kugabanya amashanyarazi yihariye kuri toni yicyuma. Kunoza calcium silicon wongeyeho ingingo nigipimo, ufatanije nogukora sintetike ya slag, gabanya ladle hafi ya 8%. Ibyo ni imyanda mike yo kumena cyangwa gutunganya.

Gukoresha nodulizing ikoreshwa mubyuma byuma, ibyo Xinxin yanditse, ni isanzure isa ariko ifite ihame rimwe. Gukoresha nodulizers ishingiye kuri CaSi (hamwe na magnesium) muruganda nubundi buryo bwo gukora neza-guhindura ibyuma shingiro mubintu bikora cyane, akenshi biremereye cyane, bikaba intsinzi irambye mumodoka cyangwa ibikorwa remezo. Ubuhanga mu gukora ibintu bihoraho, bifite isuku ihanitse kuriyi porogaramu isaba bihinduka mu buryo bwizewe bukenewe mu gukora ibyuma.

Kureba imbere: Ntabwo Isasu rya Ifeza, ahubwo ni Ikintu gikomeye

Ese calcium silicon izaba iri mumatangazo y'uruganda rukurikira rwa zeru-karubone? Ntibishoboka. Ariko bizaba biri mubikorwa bisanzwe byuruganda? Rwose. Mugihe inzira yo gukora ibyuma itandukana-byinshi EAF, DRI nyinshi, inzira nyinshi zivanze-icyifuzo cya metallurgie yukuri, yizewe, kandi ikora neza iziyongera gusa. Kalisiyumu yicaye neza hagati yibyo.

Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza ndimo kureba mu nsinga zometseho cyangwa ibivanze bivanze bikomeza kuzamura umusaruro no kugabanya umwotsi. Ahari ibishishwa bigenewe kuvanga ibice byihariye. Chimie yibanze ntizahinduka, ariko gutanga no guhora bizarushaho gukomera. Abaproducer bashora imari muri ubwo buryo, kimwe nabafite umurongo wo gutunganya no kugerageza umurongo, ni bo urusyo rushingiraho.

Noneho, kugirango urangize iki gisakuzo: niba urimo gushushanya ingamba zicyatsi kibisi, ntukarebe gusa ingufu zitanga ingufu na reaction. Reba agasanduku k'ibikoresho gatuma ibicuruzwa byanyuma bishoboka. Kalisiyumu ni yambarwa, yizewe muri ako gasanduku. Ntabwo bishimishije kugeza igihe ubikeneye, hanyuma ubwiza bwayo bukagena niba inzira yawe yicyatsi nziza cyane itanga ibyuma bigurishwa, byujuje ubuziranenge. Nubushobozi butavuzwe, kandi uruhare rwayo ruragenda rukomera cyane nkuko inganda zisukura ibikorwa byazo.